In today’s lesson, Apolin Attard discussed organizational charts in business studies for ninth-grade students. The session covered the purpose of these charts, key terms such as “superior,” “chain of command,” and “span of control,” and how they depict the structure of an organization, from employees to management levels. Using examples like a school and a company, the lesson illustrated how roles are distributed and how different management levels, including heads of departments and their assistants, function within an organization. The importance of understanding organizational charts in relation to business size and roles was emphasized.