In this lesson focused on business studies for Year 11 students, the topic of budgeting is explored. The teacher explains what a cash budget is, how to interpret it, and its importance for financial planning, emphasizing the need to anticipate future financial situations. Using the example of a student named James, the lesson illustrates how to calculate cash inflows and outflows while preparing for unexpected events and opportunities. The discussion highlights how a cash budget can help ensure sufficient funds are available to meet obligations and seize potential opportunities.