The lesson focused on the history and strategic importance of the city of Valletta, particularly its development and defense needs following the Great Siege of 1565. It discussed the political and logistical challenges faced by the Knights of St. John in fortifying the city and maintaining their presence in Malta. The importance of self-sufficiency and strong coastal defenses for Malta’s survival, in contrast to its reliance on external aid, was emphasized, especially given the vulnerability of areas like Gozo and Mdina.