The lesson focuses on the tie and dye technique, outlining the steps, materials, and tools required for the process. It differentiates between natural and synthetic dyes, providing examples and emphasizing the importance of printing the necessary handouts available in the resources section. The process is explained in detail, highlighting when dyeing can occur at various stages of textile production, such as fibers, yarns, and garments, and the importance of selecting appropriate dyes for different fabric types and blends.