In this ethics lesson, the teacher delves into the concepts of sameness and diversity, explaining sameness as treating everyone equally and diversity as embracing differences among people. The lesson also touches on the impact of World War II, highlighting the atrocities committed by Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany, particularly the genocide against Jewish people. Furthermore, the teacher mentions the significant role countries like the United Kingdom, France, Russia, and the USA played in winning the war, as well as Malta’s challenging experience, being defended by the British against Italian and German forces.