The lesson discussed the differences between norms and values, emphasizing that norms are unwritten rules influenced by those around us, while values are principles that guide us in choosing what is right. It highlighted the importance of social cohesion (waqda soċjali) in communities, fostered by living together harmoniously, supporting each other, and maintaining mutual respect and peace. The class included a PowerPoint presentation and a video to further explore these concepts and their impact on societal interactions.